Most bite problems can be corrected by moving the teeth with braces or aligners. But when the problem lies in the size or position of the jaw bones themselves, moving the teeth alone may not be enough. In these cases, orthodontic treatment may be combined with jaw surgery, known as orthognathic surgery, to achieve a healthy, balanced bite and facial profile.
Surgery may be considered for adults with significant underbites, overbites, open bites or facial asymmetry caused by jaw bone discrepancies. These problems can affect chewing, speaking, breathing and jaw comfort, as well as facial appearance. In growing children, some jaw problems can be guided with appliances, but once growth is complete, surgery may be the most effective option.
Your dentist uses X-rays, scans and facial measurements to determine whether a bite problem is mainly dental, caused by tooth position, or skeletal, caused by the jaw bones. Mild skeletal problems can sometimes be camouflaged by moving teeth, but more severe cases may need surgery for a stable, healthy result.
Treatment usually begins with braces to align the teeth within each jaw. This stage can take many months. Surgery is then carried out by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon to reposition the jaws. After surgery, braces remain for several months to fine-tune the bite.
Jaw surgery is performed under general anaesthesia in a hospital. The surgeon repositions the upper jaw, lower jaw or both, securing them with small plates and screws. Most incisions are made inside the mouth, so visible scars are uncommon.
Recovery involves swelling, a soft or liquid diet and time off work or study. Swelling usually reduces over several weeks. Your surgeon and dentist will provide detailed instructions for eating, cleaning and activity.
Correcting the jaw position can improve chewing, speech, breathing and jaw comfort. Many patients also notice improvements in facial balance and confidence. A stable bite can also protect teeth from excessive wear.
As with any surgery, there are risks, such as temporary numbness, swelling and infection. Your surgical team will explain these in detail. Deciding on surgery is a significant step, and it is important to ask questions and understand the process.
Successful treatment involves close collaboration between your orthodontic dentist and surgeon. They plan treatment together using 3D imaging to predict the outcome.
If you have a significant bite problem and are unhappy with your bite or facial balance, a consultation can help you understand your options. Not everyone needs surgery, and alternatives may be available.
Before surgery, you will have detailed scans and planning appointments. Plan time off work or study, arrange for someone to help you at home for the first days, and stock up on soft and liquid foods. Follow instructions about fasting before the operation and medications.
Your dentist will assess whether your bite problem is caused by teeth or jaw bones using X-rays and measurements.
Most incisions are inside the mouth, so visible scars are uncommon.
Usually several months to fine-tune the bite.
Book an assessment if you have a significant bite problem. Learn more about metal braces in Al Ain.
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